Environment

  The agriculture brings pollution for society by problems such as eutrophicates, a pesticide and the excessive use of the water. In a study announced in 2000, the estimate of the pollution in the U.K became 2,343 million pounds as of 1996 (208 pounds per 1 hectare). The pollution about cultivation as of 2005 of the United States of America is estimated at 16 billion dollars (from 30 to 96 dollars per 1 hectare), and the pollution to be concerned with stock raising is estimated at 714 million dollars. Both studies are said that internalization of the pollution is necessary, but writes down that the subsidy influences cost of the agriculture for the society without analyzing it about the subsidy. Both studies describe only economical influence purely. The study of 2000 includes a report of the pesticide pollution, but did not consider the influence that the common use of the pesticide gives.
 Norman Borlaug develops a revolutionary farming technique and is the person of consequence who saved billions of lives. Kinds that he developed largely increased the cereals amount of production of developing countries and came to be called "father of the green revolution". However, it might be a chance that "Agriculture to affect the environment" occurred.

Today, I will write about causes that agriculture affects the environment. 

Stock raising

 The environmental researcher, Henning states, "The stock raising is one of the most important causes of today's environmental problem". The stock raising accounts for 70% of total areas that agriculture uses and uses the land of 30% of whole earth. The stock raising is a biggest outbreak source of the greenhouse gas, and 18% of quantity of all greenhouse gas outbreak come from stock raising when they convert it into CO2. By the way, the sum total of the CO2 which means of transportation and vehicle release is 13.5% of the whole. 65% of nitrous oxide exhausted by human activity comes from stock raising (nitrous oxide has the greenhouse effect 296 times as large as CO2  ), and 37% of methane comes from stock raising (the greenhouse effect 23 times as large as CO2). In addition, 64% of ammonia comes from the stock raising and ammonia is a cause of acid rain and the ecosystem's acidifying. The stock raising is considered to be the main factor of the deforestion, and 70% of land cleared and cultivated in the Amazon became the meadows. Through deforestion and cleaning, stock raising reduces biological diversity.
 
↑a land of the deforestion

Pesticide

  The consumption of the pesticide in the whole world increases by 2,500,000 tons every year after 1950, but pest damages of farm products are approximately constant. In 1992, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that 3 million people caused agricultural pesticide poisoning every year, and approximately 220,000 people became dead by it. A cycle that only a pest with the tolerance for pesticides survives, and more powerful pesticides are necessary is born by continuing using  pesticides. The powerful pesticide has a great influence on environment.
　There is a plan , "We are able to leave more land on nature by increasing harvest per 1 acre" as the logic that justifies the agricultural methods using the pesticide to prevent famine and follow environment. Experts insist that we should reduce a certain pesticide, and perform the custom of good farmings such as the crop rotation.

↑Using a pesticide